2
0
Fork 0
mirror of https://github.com/MartinThoma/LaTeX-examples.git synced 2025-04-25 06:18:05 +02:00

MPI Datentypen hinzugefügt

This commit is contained in:
Martin Thoma 2014-03-25 14:02:40 +01:00
parent ab5cf691bb
commit 16d9ba2f2a
3 changed files with 30 additions and 4 deletions

View file

@ -6,6 +6,12 @@ Message Passing Interface (kurz: MPI) ist ein Standard,
der den Nachrichtenaustausch bei parallelen Berechnungen auf der den Nachrichtenaustausch bei parallelen Berechnungen auf
verteilten Computersystemen beschreibt. verteilten Computersystemen beschreibt.
Prozesse kommunizieren in MPI über sog. \textit{Kommunikatoren}. Ein Kommunikator
(\texttt{MPI\_Comm}\xindex{MPI\_Comm})
definiert eine Menge an Prozessen, die miteinander kommunizieren können. In dieser
Prozessgruppe hat jeder Prozess einen eindeutigen \textit{rank}\xindex{rank} über den die Prozesse
sich identifizieren können.
\section{Erste Schritte} \section{Erste Schritte}
\inputminted[numbersep=5pt, tabsize=4, frame=lines, label=hello-world.c]{c}{scripts/mpi/hello-world.c} \inputminted[numbersep=5pt, tabsize=4, frame=lines, label=hello-world.c]{c}{scripts/mpi/hello-world.c}
@ -14,6 +20,18 @@ Mit \texttt{mpirun -np 14 scripts/mpi/a.out} werden 14 Kopien des Programms
gestartet. gestartet.
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\section{MPI Datatypes}\xindex{MPI datatypes}
\begin{table}[h]
\begin{tabular}{|l|l||p{3.2cm}|l|}
\hline
MPI datatype & C datatype & MPI datatype & C datatype \\ \hline
MPI\_INT & signed int & MPI\_FLOAT & float \\
MPI\_UNSIGNED & unsigned int & MPI\_DOUBLE & double \\
MPI\_CHAR & signed char & MPI\_UNSIGNED\newline{}\_CHAR & unsigned char \\ \hline
\end{tabular}
\end{table}
\section{Funktionen} \section{Funktionen}
\inputminted[numbersep=5pt, tabsize=4]{c}{scripts/mpi/comm-size.c}\xindex{MPI\_Comm\_size}% \inputminted[numbersep=5pt, tabsize=4]{c}{scripts/mpi/comm-size.c}\xindex{MPI\_Comm\_size}%
Liefert die Größe des angegebenen Kommunikators; dh. die Anzahl der Prozesse in der Gruppe. Liefert die Größe des angegebenen Kommunikators; dh. die Anzahl der Prozesse in der Gruppe.
@ -27,6 +45,7 @@ Liefert die Größe des angegebenen Kommunikators; dh. die Anzahl der Prozesse i
\textbf{Beispiel} \textbf{Beispiel}
\inputminted[numbersep=5pt, tabsize=4]{c}{scripts/mpi/comm-size-example.c} \inputminted[numbersep=5pt, tabsize=4]{c}{scripts/mpi/comm-size-example.c}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\goodbreak
\rule{\textwidth}{0.4pt}\xindex{MPI\_Comm\_rank}% \rule{\textwidth}{0.4pt}\xindex{MPI\_Comm\_rank}%
\inputminted[numbersep=5pt, tabsize=4]{c}{scripts/mpi/comm-rank.c} \inputminted[numbersep=5pt, tabsize=4]{c}{scripts/mpi/comm-rank.c}
Bestimmt den Rang des rufenden Prozesses innerhalb des Kommunikators. Bestimmt den Rang des rufenden Prozesses innerhalb des Kommunikators.
@ -42,6 +61,7 @@ Der Rang wird von MPI zum Identifizieren eines Prozesses verwendet. Die Rangnumm
\textbf{Beispiel} \textbf{Beispiel}
\inputminted[numbersep=5pt, tabsize=4]{c}{scripts/mpi/comm-rank-example.c} \inputminted[numbersep=5pt, tabsize=4]{c}{scripts/mpi/comm-rank-example.c}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\goodbreak
\rule{\textwidth}{0.4pt}\xindex{MPI\_Send}% \rule{\textwidth}{0.4pt}\xindex{MPI\_Send}%
\inputminted[numbersep=5pt, tabsize=4]{c}{scripts/mpi/mpi-send.c} \inputminted[numbersep=5pt, tabsize=4]{c}{scripts/mpi/mpi-send.c}
Senden einer Nachricht an einen anderen Prozeß innerhalb eines Kommunikators. (Standard-Send) Senden einer Nachricht an einen anderen Prozeß innerhalb eines Kommunikators. (Standard-Send)
@ -60,6 +80,7 @@ Ein Kommunikationsvorgang wird durch ein Tripel (Sender, Empfänger, tag) eindeu
\textbf{Beispiel} \textbf{Beispiel}
\inputminted[numbersep=5pt, tabsize=4]{c}{scripts/mpi/mpi-send-example.c} \inputminted[numbersep=5pt, tabsize=4]{c}{scripts/mpi/mpi-send-example.c}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\goodbreak
\rule{\textwidth}{0.4pt}\xindex{MPI\_Recv}% \rule{\textwidth}{0.4pt}\xindex{MPI\_Recv}%
\inputminted[numbersep=5pt, tabsize=4]{c}{scripts/mpi/mpi-receive.c} \inputminted[numbersep=5pt, tabsize=4]{c}{scripts/mpi/mpi-receive.c}
Empfangen einer Nachricht (blockierend) Empfangen einer Nachricht (blockierend)
@ -67,18 +88,20 @@ Empfangen einer Nachricht (blockierend)
\textbf{Parameter} \textbf{Parameter}
\begin{itemize} \begin{itemize}
\item \textbf{buf}: Anfangsadresse des Empfangspuffers \item \textbf{buf}: Anfangsadresse des Empfangspuffers
\item \textbf{status}: Status, welcher source und tag angibt (\texttt{MPI\_Status}) \item \textbf{count}: Anzahl (d.~h. $\geq 0$) der Elemente im Empfangspuffer
\item \textbf{count}: Anzahl der Elemente im Empfangspuffer (nichtnegativ)
\item \textbf{datatype}: Typ der zu empfangenden Elemente (handle) \item \textbf{datatype}: Typ der zu empfangenden Elemente (handle)
\item \textbf{source}: Rang des Senderprozesses in comm oder \texttt{MPI\_ANY\_SOURCE} \item \textbf{source}: Rang des Senderprozesses in comm oder \texttt{MPI\_ANY\_SOURCE}
\item \textbf{tag}: message tag zur Unterscheidung verschiedener Nachrichten \item \textbf{tag}: message tag zur Unterscheidung verschiedener Nachrichten
Ein Kommunikationsvorgang wird durch ein Tripel (Sender, Empfänger, tag) eindeutig beschrieben. Um Nachrichten mit beliebigen tags zu empfangen, benutzt man die Konstante \texttt{MPI\_ANY\_TAG}. Ein Kommunikationsvorgang wird durch ein Tripel (Sender, Empfänger, tag) eindeutig beschrieben. Um Nachrichten mit beliebigen tags zu empfangen, benutzt man die Konstante \texttt{MPI\_ANY\_TAG}.
\item \textbf{comm}: Kommunikator (handle) \item \textbf{comm}: Kommunikator (handle)
\item \textbf{status}: Status, welcher source und tag angibt (\texttt{MPI\_Status}).
Soll dieser Status ignoriert werden, kann \texttt{MPI\_STATUS\_IGNORE}\xindex{MPI\_STATUS\_IGNORE} angegeben werden.
\end{itemize} \end{itemize}
\textbf{Beispiel} \textbf{Beispiel}
\inputminted[numbersep=5pt, tabsize=4]{c}{scripts/mpi/mpi-receive-example.c} \inputminted[numbersep=5pt, tabsize=4]{c}{scripts/mpi/mpi-receive-example.c}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\goodbreak
\rule{\textwidth}{0.4pt}\xindex{MPI\_Reduce}% \rule{\textwidth}{0.4pt}\xindex{MPI\_Reduce}%
\inputminted[numbersep=5pt, tabsize=4]{c}{scripts/mpi/mpi-reduce.c} \inputminted[numbersep=5pt, tabsize=4]{c}{scripts/mpi/mpi-reduce.c}
Führt eine globale Operation \textbf{op} aus; der Prozeß \enquote{root} erhält das Resultat. Führt eine globale Operation \textbf{op} aus; der Prozeß \enquote{root} erhält das Resultat.
@ -93,6 +116,7 @@ Führt eine globale Operation \textbf{op} aus; der Prozeß \enquote{root} erhäl
\item \textbf{comm}: Kommunikator (handle) \item \textbf{comm}: Kommunikator (handle)
\end{itemize} \end{itemize}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\goodbreak
\rule{\textwidth}{0.4pt}\xindex{MPI\_Bcast}% \rule{\textwidth}{0.4pt}\xindex{MPI\_Bcast}%
\inputminted[numbersep=5pt, tabsize=4]{c}{scripts/mpi/mpi-bcast.c} \inputminted[numbersep=5pt, tabsize=4]{c}{scripts/mpi/mpi-bcast.c}
Sendet eine Nachricht vom Prozess \texttt{root} an alle anderen Prozesse des Sendet eine Nachricht vom Prozess \texttt{root} an alle anderen Prozesse des
@ -107,6 +131,7 @@ angegebenen Kommunikators.
\item \textbf{comm}: Kommunikator (handle) \item \textbf{comm}: Kommunikator (handle)
\end{itemize} \end{itemize}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\goodbreak
\rule{\textwidth}{0.4pt}\xindex{MPI\_Scatter}% \rule{\textwidth}{0.4pt}\xindex{MPI\_Scatter}%
\inputminted[numbersep=5pt, tabsize=4]{c}{scripts/mpi/mpi-scatter.c} \inputminted[numbersep=5pt, tabsize=4]{c}{scripts/mpi/mpi-scatter.c}
Verteilt Daten vom Prozess \texttt{root} unter alle anderen Prozesse in der Gruppe, so daß, soweit möglich, alle Prozesse gleich große Anteile erhalten. Verteilt Daten vom Prozess \texttt{root} unter alle anderen Prozesse in der Gruppe, so daß, soweit möglich, alle Prozesse gleich große Anteile erhalten.

View file

@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
int MPI_Recv(void *buf, int count, int MPI_Recv(void *buf, int count,
MPI_Datatype datatype, int source, int tag, MPI_Datatype datatype, int source,
MPI_Comm comm, MPI_Status *status) int tag, MPI_Comm comm,
MPI_Status *status)